Etiology

  • Age-related

  • Genetic (APOE-ε4)

  • Amyloid precursor protein mutations

Pathogenesis

  • β-amyloid plaques

  • Neurofibrillary tangles (tau)

  • Progressive cortical atrophy

Clinical Features

  • Memory impairment

  • Disorientation

  • Personality changes

  • Executive dysfunction

  • Later: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia

Treatment

  • Cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil)

  • NMDA antagonist (memantine)

  • Supportive care, caregiver support