Etiology

  • Age, family history

  • Adenoma-carcinoma sequence

  • IBD (UC > Crohn’s)

  • Genetic syndromes (FAP, Lynch)

Pathogenesis

  • Progressive mutation accumulation → polyp → carcinoma

Diagnosis

  • Colonoscopy (gold standard)

  • CT colonography

  • CEA for monitoring

Treatment

  • Surgical resection

  • Chemotherapy (FOLFOX)

  • Radiotherapy (rectal cancer)

  • Targeted therapy (EGFR inhibitors)