GASTROENTEROLOGY
Etiology
Adhesions (most common)
Hernias
Tumors
Volvulus
Pathogenesis
Mechanical blockage → distension → ischemia → perforation risk
Diagnosis
Abdominal X-ray: air-fluid levels
CT abdomen (cause + severity)
Treatment
NPO, NG tube decompression
IV fluids
Surgery if strangulation or complete obstruction