GASTROENTEROLOGY
Etiology
Immune dysregulation
Genetic predisposition
Environmental factors (smoking ↑ Crohn’s, ↓ UC)
Pathogenesis
Chronic immune-mediated inflammation
Crohn’s: transmural, granulomas
UC: mucosal, limited to colon
Diagnosis
Colonoscopy with biopsy
Elevated CRP, ESR
Fecal calprotectin
Treatment
5-ASA (UC)
Steroids for flares
Immunomodulators (AZA, MTX)
Biologics (anti-TNF, anti-IL-12/23)
Surgery (curative in UC)