Etiology:


 • X-linked enzyme deficiency
 • Triggered by oxidative stress (drugs, fava beans, infection)

Pathogenesis:


 • ↓ NADPH → RBC oxidative damage → hemolysis

Clinical Features:


 • Jaundice, dark urine
 • Pallor, fatigue
 • Back pain
 • Bite cells and Heinz bodies on smear

Treatment:


 • Avoid oxidative triggers
 • Supportive (hydration, transfusions if severe)